
When does the weekly candle open and close? Weekly bar boundaries by asset class
Weekly candle open and close times for forex, crypto, and US stocks, and how to rebuild either week convention from timestamped SiftingIO bars in pandas.
Strategy research, backtesting harnesses, and signal construction.

Weekly candle open and close times for forex, crypto, and US stocks, and how to rebuild either week convention from timestamped SiftingIO bars in pandas.

Consolidated bid/ask spreads measured live on BTCUSD, EURUSD, XAUUSD and more: why one price is really a band, and how to reproduce the numbers yourself.

How Quantitative Trading at Brown uses intraday US equities OHLCV bars from the SiftingIO API for student research on returns, volatility, and trading volume.

1-minute OHLCV bars are the base timeframe. The exact rules for resampling minute bars into 5m, 15m, and 1h bars, with the alignment and gap traps to avoid.

Compare daily candle open and close times for forex, crypto and US stocks, including UTC vs New York cutoffs, daylight saving and regular trading sessions.

Five ways historical price data silently corrupts a backtest: adjustment method, venue-dependent highs and lows, gap policy, session cuts, and restated bars.

Build a total-return series from as-traded prices, split factors, and cash dividends with reinvestment math, and see where the adjusted-close shortcut misleads a backtest.

Why the same asset shows different prices on different venues, how naive averages get poisoned by bad feeds, and how a weighted median keeps the price honest.